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The past tense indicates entropy and lack of present or potential existence.

by Rabbi Shlomo HaLevi Alkabetz  

In the Days of Ahasuerus
 

From Manot HaLevi. pg. 14; translated and edited by Carmel Kehati

And it came to pass [in Hebrew, "vayehi"] in the days of Ahasuerus. (Esther 1:1)

The Talmud states that "vayehi" is an expression of pain and trouble. (Megilla 10b) Rabbi Alkabetz explains that at the basic level of interpretation, "vayehi" consists of the elements "vay" and "hi", both connoting sadness (similar to our "hey" and "oy vey", or "woe"). In addition, the "va-" grammatical tense is used to switch a future action ("yehi") into a past occurrence. This is not happy because the past tense indicates entropy and lack of present or potential existence.

On a deeper level, he explains that the two letters  vav and  yud of G-d's name  Havayah represent the active principle (the "masculine" flow), whereas the letter " hei" hints to the attribute of severity. Therefore, the word "vayehi", in which the hei (i.e. severity) precedes the final yud, gives a sense of limiting divine flow, and indicates divine judgments overruling the attribute of kindness.



Rabbi Shlomo HaLevi Alkabetz born c.5260-5340 (c.1500-1580)

Carmel Kehati is a diligent Torah scholar wh
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